punctuation is always inside quotation marks. Unless you are using some bullcrap style that says otherwise.
Actually, this depends on which country you live in. In the US, punctuation is always inside the quotation marks, yes. In the UK/Australia, not necessarily so.
I've never seen the full stop outside the inverted commas in Australia. Seems a bizarre sentence construction to begin a list (colon) after a quoted passage too.
Hmm. It's my understanding that, unless instructed to follow another style guide, Australians generally followed the UK rules. In the UK, a full stop occurs outside of the inverted commas, unless the quote is a fully set off sentence. Please excuse the following inane example. Ex: I decided to speak. 'I love you, Henry.' (vs) I decided to speak. I said, 'I love you, Henry'.